If a car consumes 0.7 liters of gasoline per 10 kilometers:
CO2 emissions per 10 km = 0.7 liters/10 km × 2.3 kg CO2/liter = 1.61 kg CO2/10 km.
For diesel vehicles:
If a car consumes 0.6 liters of diesel per 10 kilometers:
CO2 emissions per 10 km = 0.6 liters/10 km × 2.7 kg CO2/liter = 1.62 kg CO2/10 km.
Electric vehicles typically have an energy efficiency of about 0.2 to 0.3 kWh per kilometer (or 2 to 3 kWh per 10 kilometers). The exact efficiency depends on the vehicle model and driving conditions.
Assuming an electric car consumes 2 kWh per 10 km and the electricity production generates 300 g of CO2 per kWh, the emissions would be:
CO2 emissions per 10 km: 2 kWh/10 km × 300 g CO2/kWh = 600 g CO2/10 km (or 0.6 kg CO2/10 km).
On average, the carbon footprint for manufacturing an electric vehicle is between 5 and 10 tons of CO2.
A typical fossil-fueled vehicle can have a carbon footprint of between 5 and 8 tons of CO2 during the manufacturing phase.
Domestic Flights - Short Distances
Emissions per passenger: Approximately 0.2–0.3 kg CO2 per kilometer.
Example: If you fly for one hour on a short-haul flight (around 500 km), emissions would be about 100–150 kg CO2 per passenger.
International Flights (Long Distance)
Emissions per passenger: Approximately 0.1–0.2 kg CO2 per kilometer.
Example: If you fly for one hour on a long-haul flight (around 800 km), emissions would be about 80–160 kg CO2 per passenger.
Meat-based meal: 2-7 kg CO2.
Vegetarian/vegan meal: 0.5-2 kg CO2.
It’s important to note that exact emissions can vary depending on specific production methods, transportation, and other factors that affect food production.
The Nordic energy mix refers to the composition of energy sources used to produce electricity in the Nordic countries: Sweden, Norway, Denmark, and Finland.
Sources
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
International Energy Agency (IEA)
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)
Union of Concerned Scientists
International Council on Clean Transportation
Food and Agriculture Organization